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The Japanese invasion of Batan Island was the first step in their invasion of the Philippines. The purpose was to obtain control of local air strips, which could be used as forward bases by fighter aircraft for operations further south. The attack on Batan Island was the first of several other advance landings; the other landings took place at Aparri, Vigan, Legaspi, Davao, and Jolo Island.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-P-PI/USA-P-PI-6.html )〕 ==Background== The Japanese had been officially planning a strike on the American fleet at their main base at Pearl Harbor in the Territory of Hawaii since early 1941, but the idea had been informally speculated for many years. In fact, the idea of an attack by the Japanese on Pearl Harbor was even the subject of several science fiction books written in the 1920s and 1930s in both Japan and the United States. One such book was Morgan Robertson's ''Beyond the Spectrum''〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.readbookonline.net/readOnLine/25006/ )〕 Following Japan's 1931 invasion of Manchuria, leading to Second Sino-Japanese War, Japan spent considerable effort trying to isolate China and achieve sufficient resource independence to attain victory on the mainland.〔.〕 In 1940, Japan invaded French Indochina in an effort to control supplies reaching China. The United States halted shipments of airplanes, parts, machine tools, and aviation gasoline to Japan. Early in 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt ordered a military buildup in the Philippines in the hope of discouraging further Japanese aggression in the Far East. Because the Japanese high command was certain that any attack on the United Kingdom’s Southeast Asian colonies would bring the United States into war, a devastating preventive strike appeared to be the only way to avoid American naval interference. An invasion of the Philippines was also considered necessary by Japanese war planners. The U.S. ceased oil exports to Japan in July 1941, leaving the Japanese with the option of either withdrawing from China and losing face or seizing and securing new sources of raw materials in the resource-rich, European-controlled colonies of Southeast Asia. Batan Island was the first part of the Philippines invaded by the Japanese, and occurred simultaneously with the attack on Pearl Harbor. Its main purpose was set up an air base for future operations against American forces on Luzon. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Japanese invasion of Batan Island」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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